Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Orexin-A and orexin-B and their G-protein coupled receptors (orexin receptor-1 & -2: OX1R, OX2R) have divergent effects on physiological behaviour, cardiovascular regulation, glucocorticoid and insulin release. Furthermore, orexins have been shown to affect both brown adipose tissue energy expenditure and thermogenesis through stimulation of sympathetic nerve activity. Despite in vivo studies demonstrating a role for orexins acting centrally on adipose ti...

Objective: Orexin-A and orexin-B and their G-protein coupled receptors (orexin receptor-1 & -2: OX1R, OX2R) have divergent effects on physiological behaviour, cardiovascular regulation, glucocorticoid and insulin release. Furthermore, orexins have been shown to affect both brown adipose tissue energy expenditure and thermogenesis through stimulation of sympathetic nerve activity. Despite in vivo studies demonstrating a role for orexins acting centrally on adipose ti...

Aldosterone play pivotal roles on renal fibrosis by inducing mesangial cells proliferation and stimulating collagen synthesis in renal fibroblasts. However, whether renal proximal tubules are involved in aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis is not yet identified. The aim of this study was to examine the potential role of aldosterone in collagen expression via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in cultured human renal proximal tubular epit...

The family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are amongst the best-described regulators of cardiovascular pathophysiology. In rodents, intracerebroventricular administration of orexins increases mean arterial pressure and heart rate. However, important peripheral actions of orexins and their cognate receptors is now increasingly of interest.In this study we demonstrated that both receptors are present across the rat heart, at mRNA and protein level. ...

Pregnancy, a state of insulin resistance (IR), is associated with elevated levels of cytokines and profound alterations in metabolism, directed towards supplying adequate nutrition for the fetus. Adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitising properties, plays an important role in energy homeostasis. Interestingly, in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a state of greater insulin resistance, serum adiponectin levels are lower than normal subjects. We...

PCOS is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. Adiponectin receptors (Adipo-R1, Adipo-R2) are expressed in human myotubes. Their mRNA levels were found to be correlated with insulin and circulating triglycerides.The aims of this study, were to investigate the expression of adiponectin and its receptors in adipose tissue from normal and PCOS women (Ethical approval was obtained from the University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS T...

Diabetes mellitus, characterised primarily by hyperglycaemia, is associated with a number of cellular stresses and changes that cause cardiomyocytes to adapt with those modifications that characterise the diabetic heart. Although orexins are cardiovascular regulators acting via the brain, little is known about their potentially critical roles in the heart. Orexins exert their actions by activating two distinct G protein coupled receptors, orexin-R1 (OXR1) amd orexin-R2 (OXR2)....

Adiponectin has been shown to modulate angiogenesis and tumour cell behaviour. Breast and endometrial cancer patients have significantly decreased serum adiponectin levels, which may be important in such hormone-dependent cancers. Prostate cancer is another hormone-dependent cancer. Adiponectin orchestrates its actions by activating two seven-transmembrane receptors, adiponectin-R1 (adipo-R1) and adiponectin-R2 (adipo-R2). In this study we aim to determine adipo-R1/R2 expressi...

Chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare disease associated with a variety of symptoms and diminished health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to characterise and quantify the symptom burden, HRQoL, and overall disease impact in patients receiving recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH1-84, Natpar®) for inadequately controlled HypoPT and in symptomatic patients receiving standard therapy (ST; calcium and/or vitamin D supplements). A w...

Background: 177Lu-DOTATATE is increasingly used in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumour (NET). However, few circulating biomarkers are available to predict progression-free survival (PFS) of patients received 177Lu-DOTATATE.Materials and methods: Clinicopathological data and data of baseline circulating biomarkers including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), e...